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Loading contentHow humanity reaches orbit — the vehicles, families, stages, engines, and propellants that power spaceflight, connected to the missions, spacecraft, and crews they carry. Source-backed, with unknown figures left blank rather than invented.
Every rocket in the encyclopedia, ordered by first flight — from the R-7 of 1957 to today's reusable heavy-lift vehicles.
55 entriesThe great multi-generation lineages — Saturn, Atlas, Delta, Titan, Falcon, Ariane, Long March, and more.
10 entriesFirst-class booster, core, and upper stages of flagship vehicles, with their engines and propellants.
10 entriesThe engines that power the world's rockets, by combustion cycle and propellant.
26 entriesThe fuel and oxidizer combinations — kerolox, hydrolox, methalox, hypergolics, and solids.
7 entriesThe agencies and companies that build and fly launch vehicles.
18 entriesThe programs that flagship launch vehicles have served, from Apollo to Artemis.
5 entriesThe pads and complexes where rockets lift off, grouped under their launch sites.
24 entriesLaunch vehicles designed to recover and re-fly hardware, from the Space Shuttle to Falcon 9 and Starship.
10 entriesSingle-use launch vehicles whose stages are not recovered.
45 entriesThe most powerful launch vehicles — 50 tonnes or more to low Earth orbit (where the figure is documented).
4 entriesLaunch vehicles that place 20–50 tonnes into low Earth orbit (where documented).
7 entriesDedicated small-satellite launchers placing under 2 tonnes into orbit (where documented).
6 entriesLaunch vehicles certified to carry crews to space.
9 entriesLaunch vehicles currently in operational service.
26 entriesHistoric launch vehicles no longer flying.
23 entriesLaunch vehicles in development or planned.
6 entriesEngines burning deeply-cold liquid propellants — hydrogen or methane with liquid oxygen.
14 entriesHigh-efficiency engines using a staged-combustion or full-flow cycle.
9 entries| Vehicle | Country | First flight | Lift class | LEO payload | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proton | Russia | 1965 | Heavy-lift | 23,000 kg | Active |
| Soyuz | Russia | 1966 | Medium-lift | — | Active |
| Pegasus | United States | 1990 | Small-lift | 450 kg | Active |
| PSLV | India | 1993 | Medium-lift | 3,800 kg | Active |
| Long March 3B | China | 1996 | Heavy-lift | — | Active |
| Long March 2F | China | 1999 | Medium-lift | 8,400 kg | Active |
| Minotaur | United States | 2000 | Small-lift | — | Active |
| GSLV | India | 2001 | Medium-lift | — | Active |
| Atlas V | United States | 2002 | Medium-lift | — | Active |
| Falcon 9 | United States | 2010 | Medium-lift | 22,800 kg | Active |
| Epsilon | Japan | 2013 | Small-lift | 1,200 kg | Active |
| Angara A5 | Russia | 2014 | Heavy-lift | 24,000 kg | Active |
Every rocket, engine, stage, and propellant is a first-class knowledge-graph entity resolved through the Scientific Data Engine. Specifications are curated from agency user's manuals and manufacturer documentation; where a value is not reliably known it is omitted rather than estimated. See source quality.