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Loading contentAn artificial star created by shining a laser into the upper atmosphere, exciting sodium atoms ~90 km up to glow. It gives adaptive optics a bright reference point anywhere on the sky — not just near a real bright star — so the shape of the atmosphere's blur can be measured and corrected.
Facts on this topic will be cited from these primary and reference sources.
Southern-hemisphere observatory data and imagery (VLT, ALMA partner).