Themes

The return of humans to the Moon and the build-out of a sustained presence — the Artemis crewed missions and the Gateway station in lunar orbit.

The next steps at Mars — returning the samples now being cached by Perseverance, studying the moons of Mars, and preparing for human missions.

A renaissance at Venus — a fleet of new missions to map its surface, sound its atmosphere, and understand why Earth's twin became a hell-world.

The search for habitable environments in the outer Solar System — the subsurface oceans of Europa and the seas and organic chemistry of Titan.

Future missions to asteroids and comets — for science and for planetary defence, including surveys to find the hazardous near-Earth objects before they find us.

The great observatories of the coming decades — surveying dark energy, imaging habitable worlds, and opening the low-frequency gravitational-wave and X-ray skies.

Reaching the least-explored worlds — an orbiter for an ice giant, and a probe designed to travel deliberately beyond the heliosphere into interstellar space.