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Loading contentALMA is an international radio observatory of millimeter and submillimeter antennas located on the Chajnantor plateau in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile.
observatory:almaDataset membership
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Real, source-backed references — primary papers first, then datasets and institutional sources. Formatted through the citation engine; nothing is fabricated.
European Southern Observatory
European Southern Observatory (n.d.). ALMA. European Southern Observatory. https://www.almaobservatory.org/
@misc{cite:obs-observatory-alma,
title = {ALMA},
organization = {European Southern Observatory},
year = {n.d.},
url = {https://www.almaobservatory.org/},
note = {Official page for ALMA.}
}How ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter Array) connects across Asteria Star — scientific, cultural, and astrological links are kept separate.
The supermassive black hole at the heart of galaxy M87, the first black hole ever directly imaged, in 2019.
ESO is a 16-nation intergovernmental organisation that builds and operates major ground-based observatories in Chile, including the VLT and the future ELT.
The NRAO operates major radio astronomy facilities for the US scientific community, including the VLA and (as a partner) ALMA.
The NAOJ is Japan's national centre for astronomy, operating the Subaru Telescope and partnering in ALMA.
The Atacama Desert in northern Chile is one of the driest, clearest places on Earth, hosting many of the world's great observatories.
Millimeter-wave astronomy probes cold molecular gas and dust, the raw material of stars and planets.
Submillimeter astronomy reveals the cold, dusty early stages of star and galaxy formation.
The Event Horizon Telescope, a global network of radio dishes including ALMA, produced the first image of a black hole's shadow — the supermassive black hole at the heart of the galaxy M87.
Linking many radio dishes so that they act together as one telescope as large as their separation, giving radio astronomy its sharpest images. Arrays like the VLA and ALMA correlate the signals from every pair of antennas to reconstruct the sky.
The technique, developed by Martin Ryle, of building up an image from an interferometer by combining measurements taken as the Earth's rotation carries the antennas to different orientations — synthesising the resolution of a single huge aperture from many small ones. The basis of modern radio imaging.
Cold, dense clouds of molecular hydrogen and dust, dark and shielded from starlight, where nearly all the interstellar molecules reside and where stars are born. They are the richest chemical factories in the galaxy, mapped in the millimetre and submillimetre.
The disks of gas and dust that surround young stars, out of which planets, moons, and comets form. Their chemistry — imaged in exquisite detail by ALMA — sets the raw ingredients that new planets and their atmospheres are built from.
After molecular hydrogen, the most abundant molecule in space — and, because hydrogen is hard to see directly in cold gas, the workhorse tracer astronomers use to map molecular clouds and measure how much gas is available to form stars.
The chemistry of protoplanetary disks that decides what new planets are made of — where ices freeze out, which molecules end up in comets and which in planetary atmospheres, and how much water and organic material a world inherits.
The Common Astronomy Software Applications package, the primary tool for calibrating and imaging data from radio interferometers, developed for ALMA and the Very Large Array. CASA turns the raw visibilities of an interferometer into scientific images and cubes.
Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico operated a 305-metre radio dish — for decades the largest single-dish radio telescope — until its collapse in 2020.
Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile is a NOIRLab site whose telescopes carried out the Dark Energy Survey.
The next-generation ground-based observatory for very-high-energy gamma rays, an array of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes being built across two sites — one in the northern hemisphere on La Palma and one in the southern hemisphere in Chile — to catch the faint blue flashes that gamma rays make in the atmosphere. The largest such observatory ever built.
A proposed United States third-generation gravitational-wave observatory with arms up to forty kilometres long — a scaled-up successor to LIGO that, with the Einstein Telescope, would open the distant gravitational-wave universe.
A proposed European third-generation gravitational-wave observatory, to be built underground in a triangle of ten-kilometre arms. Its far greater sensitivity would detect compact-binary mergers across most of the observable universe.
The world's largest single-dish radio telescope, a 500-metre aperture instrument in Guizhou, China.
Facts on this topic will be cited from these primary and reference sources.
European missions, observatories, and space science imagery.