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Loading contentThe PSLV is an expendable launch vehicle operated by ISRO that has launched many Earth observation satellites as well as the Chandrayaan-1 and Mangalyaan missions.
launch_vehicle:pslvDataset membership
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Scientific entity. See the evidence framework and authority dashboard.
How PSLV (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle) connects across Asteria Star — scientific, cultural, and astrological links are kept separate.
ISRO is the national space agency of India, responsible for the country's space exploration and satellite programs.
Mangalyaan made India the first nation to reach Mars orbit on its first attempt.
Chandrayaan-1 was India's first lunar mission, whose instruments helped confirm water on the Moon.
The first ISRO pad at Sriharikota, used for the PSLV and SSLV.
ISRO's storable-propellant (UDMH/N2O4) engine, used across the PSLV, GSLV, and LVM3 liquid stages and strap-on boosters.
Russia's modular heavy-lift launcher built from common URM core boosters and burning kerosene/LOX, intended to replace the Proton.
A medium-lift rocket operated by Northrop Grumman that launched Cygnus cargo spacecraft to the ISS; the flown Antares 230+ retired in 2023 after its Russian/Ukrainian first-stage supply was cut, pending the U.S.-built Antares 330.
Europe's first launcher, which established independent access to space and orbited the Giotto probe to Halley's Comet.
An uprated single-payload development of Ariane 1 with a more powerful third stage.
An Ariane variant adding two solid strap-on boosters and dual-payload capability for commercial satellites.
A highly successful and flexible Ariane variant with multiple booster configurations that dominated the commercial launch market in the 1990s.
Facts on this topic will be cited from these primary and reference sources.
Mission data, planetary science, space telescopes, and public-domain imagery.
Most NASA-produced imagery is in the public domain; individual items are checked for usage terms before publication.