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Loading contentThe open-source foundation of modern astronomical computing: the Python language together with NumPy for array mathematics, SciPy for scientific algorithms, and pandas for tabular data. Free and community-built, it has become the common language in which most astronomical analysis is now written.
Facts on this topic will be cited from these primary and reference sources.
Science operations and public image archives for the Hubble and James Webb space telescopes (MAST, HubbleSite, webbtelescope.org).
Hubble/Webb images released by NASA/STScI are generally free to use with a credit line; each item's terms are checked before use.